This course examines how the field of addiction treatment and recovery has evolved since the development of 12-step recovery spaces in the 1950’s, from societal conceptualizations about addiction to how treatment and evidence-based practices have shaped what we now call clinical addiction treatment. Particular attention will be paid to how paradigms, stigma, and oppressive systems have influenced and shaped addiction and treatment trends. Participants will critically examine the successes and pitfalls of addiction treatment as it stands today, including specific models and systems of recovery and what the field calls “evidence-based practices”. Special attention will be paid to how the fields of neuroscience, epigenetics, and neuropharmacology have informed what we know today about addiction, and what it means for integrative recovery strategies moving forward.